1. On the Kurds

A.1  Sociology of Kurdish society

“Kurdistan in the 16th and 17th centuries, as reflected in Evliya Çelebi's Seyahatname”. Paper, Second International Conference on the History of Kurdistan in the 16th-17th Centuries and Commemoration of the Sharafname, Kurdisches Institut für Wissenschaft und Forschung / Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, March 1-3, 1998.

“Kurdish nationalism and competing ethnic loyalties”.  Original English version of: "Nationalisme kurde et ethnicités intra-kurdes", Peuples Méditerranéens no. 68-69 (1994), 11-37.

"The ethnic identity of the Kurds", in: Ethnic groups in the Republic of Turkey, compiled and edited by Peter Alford Andrews with Rüdiger Benninghaus [=Beihefte zum Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Reihe B, Nr.60]. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwich Reichert, 1989, pp. 613-21.

"Koerden en geweld". Paper presented at the Symposium "Politiek geweld en Turken", Willem Pompe Instituut voor Strafwetenschappen & Studie-en Informatiecentrum Mensenrechten, Utrecht, 31 October 1997.

“The nature and uses of violence in the Kurdish conflict”.  Paper presented at the International colloquium "Ethnic construction and political violence", organised by the Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli. Cortona, July 2-3, 1999. Published in Italian translation as: “La natura e gli usi della violenza nel conflitto kurdi”, in: Marco Buttino, Maria Cristina Ercolessi, Alessandro Triulzi (eds.), Uomini in armi. Napoli: l’ancora, 2000, pp. 99-113.

"Kurds, states, and tribes". Paper presented at the conference "Tribes and Powers in the Middle East", London, SOAS, Birkbeck College and Iraqi Cultural Forum, January 23-24, 1999. French translation published as: “Les Kurdes, États et tribus”, Études kurdes, revue biannuelle de recherches, no. 1 (2000), 9-31.

“Innerkurdische Herrschaftsverhältnisse: Stämme und religiöse Brüderschaften”, in: epd-Dokumentation (Evangelischer Pressedienst, ISSN 0935-5111), 7/2003, pp. 9-14.

“The impact of the dissolution of the Soviet Union on the Kurds”. Paper presented at the international conference on Islam and Ethnicity in Central Asia, St Petersburg, 14-18 October, 1995.

A.2  Islam and society in Kurdistan

“The Kurds and Islam”, Les Annales de l'Autre Islam, No.5 (1998), 13-35.

"The Naqshbandi order in 17th-century Kurdistan", in: Marc Gaborieau, Alexandre Popovic et Thierry Zarcone (eds.), Naqshbandis: cheminements et situation actuelle d'un ordre mystique musulman. Istanbul-Paris: Editions Isis, 1990, pp. 337-360.

"Medrese education in northern Kurdistan", by Zeynelabidîn Zinar, translated and annotated by Martin van Bruinessen. Les Annales de l’Autre Islam 5 (1998).

"The Qâdiriyya and the lineages of Qâdirî shaykhs among the Kurds", in: Thierry Zarcone, Ekrem Işın & Arthur Buehler (eds.), The Qâdiriyya Order [=Journal of the History of Sufism, special issue, vol. 1-2]. Istanbul: Simurg, 2000, pp. 131-149.

“The Sâdatê Nehrî or Gîlânîzâde of Central Kurdistan”, in: Thierry Zarcone, Ekrem Işın & Arthur Buehler (eds.), The Qâdiriyya Order [=Journal of the History of Sufism, special issue, vol. 1-2]. Istanbul: Simurg, 2000, pp. 79-91.

"A nineteenth-century Ottoman Kurdish scholar in South Africa: Abu Bakr Efendi", first published as "A nineteenth-century Kurdish scholar in South Africa", in: Martin van Bruinessen, Mullas, Sufis and heretics: the role of religion in Kurdish society. Collected articles. Istanbul: The Isis Press, 2000, pp. 133-141.

A.3  Turkey, the Kurdish movement and the Kurdish diaspora

“Race, culture, nation and identity politics in Turkey: some comments”, paper, Mica Ertegün Annual Turkish Studies Workshop on Continuity and Change: Shifting State Ideologies from Late Ottoman to Early Republican Turkey, 1890-1930, Department of Near Eastern Studies, Princeton University, April 24-26, 1997.

"Constructions of ethnic identity in the late Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey: The Kurds and their Others", paper presented at the workshop "Social identities in the late Ottoman Empire", Department of Middle Eastern Studies, New York University, March 8. 1997. 

“The Suppression of the Dersim Rebellion in Turkey (1937-38)”  [excerpts from: Martin van Bruinessen, "Genocide in Kurdistan? The suppression of the Dersim rebellion in Turkey (1937-38) and the chemical war against the Iraqi Kurds (1988)", in: George J. Andreopoulos (ed), Conceptual and historical dimensions of genocide. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994, pp. 141-170.

"Forced evacuations and destruction of villages in Dersim (Tunceli) and Western Bingöl, Turkish Kurdistan, September-November 1994 ", Report by Stichting Nederland - Koerdistan, 1995. 

"Apo in Italië: Europa en de PKK", Midden-Oostentijdschrift Soera (Amsterdam), vol. 6 no. 4 (December 1998), pp. 3-8.

“Turkey, Europe and the Kurds after the capture of Abdullah Öcalan”, in: Martin van Bruinessen, Kurdish ethnonationalism versus nation-building states (Istanbul: The ISIS Press, 2000). 

“Homogene natie of multi-etnische samenleving? Turkije en de Koerdische kwestie”, Justitiële Verkenningen 26 no. 8 (oktober/november 2000), 33-44. (PDF file)

"De Koerdische kwestie in Turkije en in de diaspora ", Aantekeninngen voor een lezing op het Mini-symposium “Achtergronden van de ontwikkelingen binnen de Turkse gemeenschap in Nederland”, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken, Den Haag, 14 october 1997.

“The Kurds in movement: migrations, mobilisations, communications and the globalisation of the Kurdish question”. Working Paper no. 14, Islamic Area Studies Project, Tokyo, Japan, 1999.

“Transnational aspects of the Kurdish question”. Working paper, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute, Florence, 2000.

A.4  Iran and the Kurds

"Irans Koerden en de islamitische revolutie", in: De Iraanse Revolutie: Achtergronden [=MOI-publicatie 5]. Nijmegen: MOI, 1980, pp. 95-120.

A.5  Iraq and the Kurds

“Iraq: Kurdish challenges", paper presented at the First Meeting of the Task Force on the Middle East, European Union Institute of Security Studies (ISS-EU). Paris, 14 February 2005.

The Kurds, Turkey and Iran after America’s Iraq war: new possibilities?”, paper presented at the expert meeting “Justice, security and democracy”, International Dialogues Foundation, The Hague, 25 May 2003.


A.6  Scholarship on the Kurds

“Ismail Beşikçi: Turkish sociologist, critic of Kemalism, and kurdologist”, The Journal of Kurdish Studies, vol. V (2003-04 [2005]), 19-34. Translated into Turkish as: “İsmail Beşikçi: Türk sosiologu, Kemalizm eleştirmeni ve Kürdolog”, İkinci Bilim ve Siyaset 1, 1 (yaz-sonbahar 2001), 39-52.

"The Kurdish question: whose question, whose answers? The Kurdish movement seen by the Kurds and their neighbours". Wadie Jwaideh Memorial Lecture in Arabic and Islamic Studies, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures & Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, 19 November 2004.
[A Kurdish (Sorani) translation by Hassan Ghazi is available at http://ruwange.blogspot.com/2007/09/blog-post_22.html]

2. On Alevis and other heterodox groups

"Haji Bektash, Sultan Sahak, Shah Mina Sahib and various avatars of a running wall", Turcica XXI-XXIII (1991), 55-69.

"When Haji Bektash still bore the name of Sultan Sahak. Notes on the Ahl-i Haqq of the Guran district", in: Alexandre Popovic & Gilles Veinstein (eds), Bektachiyya: études sur l'ordre mystique des Bektachis et les groupes relevant de Hadji Bektach. Istanbul: Éditions Isis, 1995, pp. 117-138.

"The Shabak, a Kizilbash community in Iraqi Kurdistan", Les Annales de l'Autre Islam, No.5 (1998), 185-196.

"'Aslini inkar eden haramzadedir': The debate on the ethnic identity of the Kurdish Alevis." Working paper, Centre for the Study of Asia & the Middle East, Deakin University, Malvern, Victoria (Australia). [A revised version of this paper was published in: Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele and Anke Otter-Beaujean (eds), Syncretistic religious communities in the Near East. Leiden: Brill, 1997, pp. 1-23]

“Muslims, Minorities and Modernity: The restructuring of heterodoxy in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.” Inaugural lecture, Utrecht University, 21 November 2000.

"Kurds, Turks, and the Alevi revival", longer version of an article first published in  Middle East Report 200 (Summer 1996), pp. 7-10. 

Review of I. Mélikoff's Hadji Bektach: un mythe et ses avatars, in Turcica 31 (1999), 549-553.

"Religious practices in the Turco-Iranian world: continuity and change", unpublished manuscript.

      C.  On ethnic groups and ethnic politics in the Middle East

"Clashes between or within civilizations? Meeting of cultures in Anatolia and Western Europe", paper presented at the Panel “Meeting of Anatolian and European Civilizations”, 6^th Film and History Festival / Galatasaray University, Istanbul, 13 December 2003.

D.  On Indonesian Islam

D.1  Sufism and Sufi orders

“The origins and development of Sufi orders (tarekat) in Southeast Asia”, Studia Islamika - Indonesian Journal for Islamic Studies vol.1, no.1 (1994), 1-23.

"Controversies and polemics involving the Sufi orders in twentieth-century Indonesia", in: F. de Jong & B. Radtke (eds), Islamic mysticism contested: thirteen centuries of controversies and polemics. Leiden: Brill, 1999, pp. 705-728.

"Shaykh `Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani and the Qadiriyya in Indonesia", Journal of the History of Sufism, vol. 1-2 (2000), 361-395.

"Najmuddin al-Kubra, Jumadil Kubra and Jamaluddin al-Akbar: Traces of Kubrawiyya influence in early Indonesian Islam", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 150 (1994), 305-329.

“The tariqa Khalwatiyya in South Celebes”, in: Harry A. Poeze en Pim Schoorl (eds), Excursies in Celebes. Een bundel bijdragen bij het afscheid van J. Noorduyn... Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij,1991, pp. 251-269.

“Tarekat and tarekat teachers in Madurese society”, in: Kees van Dijk, Huub de Jonge & Elly Touwen-Bouwsma (eds.), Across Madura Strait: The dynamics of an insular society. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1995, pp. 91-117.

"Shari`a court, tarekat and pesantren: religious institutions in the sultanate of Banten", Archipel 50 (1995), 165-200.

"Tarekat dan politik", Pesantren vol. IX no. 1 (1992), 3-14.

D.2  Ulama and pesantren

"A note on source materials for the biographies of Southeast Asian `ulama", La transmission du savoir dans le monde musulman périphérique, Lettre d'information no. 17 (1997), 57-66.

"Kurdish `Ulama and their Indonesian disciples" [revised version of: "The impact of Kurdish `ulama on Indonesian Islam", Les annales de l'autre islam 5, 1998, 83-106.]

"Indonesia's ulama and politics: caught between legitimising the status quo and searching for alternatives", Prisma — The Indonesian Indicator (Jakarta), No. 49 (1990), 52-69.

“Pesantren and kitab kuning: continuity and change in a tradition of religious learning”, in: Wolfgang Marschall (ed.), Texts from the islands. Oral and written traditions of Indonesia and the Malay world [Ethnologica Bernica, 4]. Berne: University of Berne, 1994, pp. 121-145.

"Kitab Kuning: Books in Arabic Script Used in the Pesantren Milieu", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 146 (1990), 226-269.

"Kitab kuning dan perempuan, perempuan dan kitab kuning", dalam Lies M. Marcoes-Natsir & Johan Hendrik Meuleman (ed.), Wanita Islam Indonesia dalam Kajian Tekstual dan Kontekstual. Jakarta: INIS, 2003, hal. 165-174. 

"Divergent paths from Gontor: Muslim educational reform and the travails of pluralism in Indonesia", in: Freek L. Bakker & Jan Sihar Aritonang (eds.), On the edge of many worlds [Festschrift Karel A. Steenbrink], Zoetermeer: Uitgeverij Meinema, 2006, pp. 152-162.

Farish A. Noor, Yoginder Sikand, and Martin van Bruinessen (eds), The Madrasa in Asia: Political Activism and Transnational Linkages. Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
Full text online (PDF) 
Order printed version from AUP

D.3  Religious movements and intellectual currents

“Muslims of the Dutch East Indies and the caliphate question”, Studia Islamika vol 2, no 3 (1995), 115-140.

"Gerakan sempalan di kalangan umat Islam Indonesia: latar belakang sosial-budaya" ("Sectarian movements in Indonesian Islam: Social and cultural background"), Ulumul Qur'an vol. III no. 1 (1992), 16-27.

"Muslim fundamentalism: something to be understood or to be explained away?", Islam and Muslim Christian Relations, vol. 6, no. 2 (1995), 157-71.

"Nurcholish Madjid: Indonesian Muslim intellectual", ISIM Review # 17 (Spring 2006), 22-23. 

"NU: jamaah konservatif yang melahirkan gerakan progresif", kata pengantar pada: Laode Ida, NU Muda: Kaum progresif dan sekularisme baru. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2004, hal. xii-xvii. 

“Back to Situbondo? Nahdlatul Ulama attitudes towards Abdurrahman Wahid's presidency and his fall”, in: Henk Schulte Nordholt & Irwan Abdullah (eds), Indonesia: in search of transition. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2002, pp.  15-46.

D.4  Islam, state and civil society

“Islamic state or state Islam? Fifty years of state-Islam relations in Indonesia”, in: Ingrid Wessel (Hrsg.), Indonesien am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts. Hamburg: Abera-Verlag, 1996, pp. 19-34.

"Post-Suharto Muslim engagements with civil society and democracy”, paper presented at the Third International Conference and Workshop “Indonesia in Transition”, organised by the KNAW and Labsosio, Universitas Indonesia, August 24-28, 2003. Universitas Indonesia, Depok.

[with Farid Wajidi], "Syu'un ijtima'iyah and the kiai rakyat: Traditionalist Islam, civil society and social concerns", in: Henk Schulte Nordholt (ed.), Indonesian Transitions. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 205-248. 

D.5  Transnational linkages

“Global and local in Indonesian Islam”, Southeast Asian Studies (Kyoto) vol. 37, no.2 (1999), 46-63.

"Mencari ilmu dan pahala di Tanah Suci: Orang Nusantara naik haji" ("Seeking knowledge and merit: Indonesians on the hajj"), Ulumul Qur'an (Jakarta) Vol II No 5 (1990), 42- 49.

“Yahudi sebagai simbol dalam wacana Islam Indonesia masa kini” [“The Jews as a symbol in contemporary Muslim discourse in Indonesia”], in: Spiritualitas baru: Agama dan aspirasi rakyat [Seri Dian II Tahun I]. Yogyakarta: Dian/Interfidei, 1994, pp. 253-268.

“Wahhabi influences in Indonesia”, Summary of paper presented at the Journée d’Etudes du CEIFR (EHESS-CNRS) et MSH sur le Wahhabisme. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales / Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris, 10 June, 2002.

"Arabisering van de Indonesische islam?", ZemZem, Tijdschrift over het Midden-Oosten, Noord-Afrika en islam, jaargang 2, no 1, 73-84.

D.6  Radical Islamist movements

"Genealogies of Islamic radicalism in post-Suharto Indonesia", South East Asia Research vol. 10, no. 2, 117-154.

"The violent fringes of Indonesia's radical Islam", background information after the Bali bombing of October 2002. Extended version of article published in ISIM Newsletter 11 (December 2002), p. 7.

    E.  On the urban poor in Bandung

“Duit, jodoh, dukun: Remarks on cultural change among poor migrants to Bandung”, Masyarakat Indonesia jilid XV (1988), 35-65.

“Poor migrants in Bandung: Settlement and Employment”. Paper presented at the International Workshop “Western Java in Development Perspective”, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, Leiden, September 11-15, 1989.

   F.   On Islam in Europe

"The production of Islamic knowledge in Western Europe", discussion paper for a panel at the 4th Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting, Florence - Montecatini Terme, 19-23 March 2003.

"Making and unmaking Muslim religious authority in Western Europe", paper presented at the 4th Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting, Florence - Montecatini Terme, 19-23 March 2003.

"Islamitisch gevaar? Bespreking van: Hans Jansen, God heeft gezegd. Terreur, tolerantie en de onvoltooide modernisering van de islam", Sharqiyyat, Tijdschrift van de Nederlandse Vereniging voor de Studie van het Midden-Oosten en de Islam 16/1 (2004), pp. 71-75.

"After van Gogh: roots of anti-Muslim rage", paper presented at the workshop "Public debates about Islam in Europe: how and why 'immigrants' became 'Muslims'" (convened by Stefano Allievi and Martin van Bruinessen), Seventh Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting, Florence & Montecatini Terme, 22-26 March 2006, organised by the Mediterranean Program of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies at the European University Institute.